Cross Disciplinary Consultancy: Negation Detection Use Case

Despite considerable effort since the turn of the century to develop Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods and tools for detecting negated terms in chief complaints, few standardised methods have emerged. Those methods that have emerged (e.g. the NegEx algorithm) are confined to local implementations with customised solutions.

June 18, 2019

Using State and National Surveillance Systems during World Equestrian Games in NC

North Carolina hosted the 2018 FEI WEG in Polk County at the Tryon Equestrian Center in September 2018. Polk County, located in the Mountain region of Western North Carolina, is home to 20,357 people, and the population is widely distributed. Event organizers expected approximately 300,000 to 500,000 people to visit the area, with 800 horses from 71 countries taking part in the games. Providing adequate public health epidemiologic investigations and response for the large scale event in the predominantly rural area presented a challenge.

June 18, 2019

Optimization of Linkage between North Carolina EMS and ED Data: EMS Naloxone Cases

The opioid overdose crisis has rapidly expanded in North Carolina (NC), paralleling the epidemic across the United States. The number of opioid overdose deaths in NC has increased by nearly 40% each year since 2015.1 Critical to preventing overdose deaths is increasing access to the life-saving drug naloxone, which can reverse overdose symptoms and progression.

June 18, 2019

Identifying Emergency Department Care in the Year Prior to Suicide Death

Suicide is a leading cause of mortality in the United States, causing about 45,000 deaths annually. Research suggests that universal screening in health care settings may be beneficial for prevention, but few studies have combined detailed suicide circumstances with ED encounter data to better understand care-seeking behavior prior to death.

Objective: To identify potential emergency department (ED) visits prior to suicide deaths in North Carolina (NC) and describe pre-suicide care-seeking in EDs.

June 18, 2019

Evaluation of Pedestrian/Bicycle Crash Injury Case Definitions for Use with NC DETECT

Over the last few decades, the United States has made considerable progress in decreasing the incidence of motor vehicle occupants injured and killed in traffic collisions.1 However, there is still a need for continued motor vehicle crash (MVC) injury surveillance, particularly for vulnerable road users, such as pedestrians and bicyclists.

June 18, 2019

Beyond Mortality: Violent Injury Surveillance Using NC DETECT ED Visit Data

Violence-related injuries are a major source of morbidity and mortality in NC. From 2005-2014, suicide and homicide ranked as NC's 11th and 16th causes of death, respectively. In 2014, there were 1,932 total violent deaths, of which 1,303 were due to suicide (67%), 536 due to homicide (28%), and 93 due to another mechanism of violent injury (5%).

January 19, 2018

Informing Public Health Prevention in NC Using Falls Surveillance Data

Falls are a leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injury in NC. As the size of the older adult population is predicted to increase over the next few decades, it is likely that the incidence of falls-related morbidity and mortality will increase in tandem. In order to address this public health emergency, the Injury and Violence Prevention Branch (IVPB) of the NC Division of Public Health has partnered with the Carolina Center for Health Informatics (CCHI) in the Department of Emergency Medicine at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to perform falls surveillance activities.

January 21, 2018

Using Syndromic Surveillance for All-Hazards Public Health Surveillance: Successes, Challenges, and the Future

Fifteen years have passed since the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 called for the establishment of nationwide surveillance and reporting mechanisms to detect bioterrorism-related events. In the 1990s, several health departments established surveillance systems to detect prediagnostic (ie, before diagnoses are confirmed) signs and symptoms for the early identification of disease occurrences.

August 28, 2017

Negation Processing in Free Text Emergency Department Data for Public Health Surveillance

Materials associated with the Analytic Solutions for Real-Time Biosurveillance: Negation Processing in Free Text Emergency Department Data for Public Health Surveillance consultancy held January 19-20, 2017 at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

Problem Summary

False positive syndrome hits are created when a syndromic classification process cannot properly identify negated terms. For example, a visit is classified into a fever syndrome when the chief complaint or triage note says “denies fever.”

March 23, 2017

Using Syndromic Surveillance Data to Monitor Endocarditis and Sepsis among Drug Users

Recreational drug use is a major problem in the United States and around the world. Specifically, drug abuse results in heavy use of emergency department (ED) services, and is a high financial burden to society and to the hospitals due to chronic ill health and multiple injection drug use complications. Intravenous drug users are at high risk of developing sepsis and endocarditis due to the use of a dirty or infected needle that is either shared with someone else or re-used.

August 26, 2017

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